{"id":6237,"date":"2025-01-30T14:49:26","date_gmt":"2025-01-30T05:49:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.since2020.jp\/?p=6237"},"modified":"2025-01-30T14:49:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T05:49:26","slug":"pgvector_glossary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/since2020.jp\/media\/pgvector_glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"PGVector\u3067\u5207\u308a\u958b\u304fPostgreSQL\u306e\u65b0\u6642\u4ee3\u2500\u2500AI\u6d3b\u7528\u3092\u52a0\u901f\u3059\u308b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u6280\u8853\u306e\u6700\u524d\u7dda"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u8fd1\u5e74\u306eAI\u30fb\u6a5f\u68b0\u5b66\u7fd2\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u6025\u901f\u306a\u767a\u5c55\u3092\u80cc\u666f\u306b\u3001\u300c**\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22**\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30ad\u30fc\u30ef\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u8033\u306b\u3059\u308b\u6a5f\u4f1a\u304c\u5897\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u3082\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u30ea\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30ca\u30eb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u3042\u308bPostgreSQL\u306b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u8ffd\u52a0\u3059\u308b\u62e1\u5f35\u300c**PGVector**\u300d\u304c\u6ce8\u76ee\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f93\u6765\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u691c\u7d22\u3084\u6570\u5024\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306b\u52a0\u3048\u3001\u30c7\u30a3\u30fc\u30d7\u30e9\u30fc\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u3067\u751f\u6210\u3057\u305f\u7279\u5fb4\u91cf\uff08**Embedding**\uff09\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u6271\u3048\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8a00\u8a9e\u51e6\u7406\u30fb\u753b\u50cf\u691c\u7d22\u30fb\u30ec\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c9\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u6d3b\u7528\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002\r\n\r\n\u672c\u8a18\u4e8b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u300c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3057\u304b\u8aad\u3081\u306a\u3044\u300d\u6df1\u3044\u6d1e\u5bdf\u3068\u6700\u65b0\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u76db\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001PGVector\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u5165\u30fb\u6d3b\u7528\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3001\u6027\u80fd\u9762\u3067\u306e\u5de5\u592b\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u5c06\u6765\u5c55\u671b\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u307e\u3067\u3092\u7db2\u7f85\u7684\u306b\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002PostgreSQL\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306b\u3068\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u3001\u3053\u308c\u304b\u3089AI\u6280\u8853\u3092\u672c\u683c\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u305f\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30cb\u30a2\u3084\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30b5\u30a4\u30a8\u30f3\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u65b9\u3005\u306b\u3082\u5927\u3044\u306b\u5f79\u7acb\u3064\u5185\u5bb9\u3068\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305c\u3072\u6700\u5f8c\u307e\u3067\u304a\u8aad\u307f\u3044\u305f\u3060\u304d\u3001\u5b9f\u8df5\u306e\u30d2\u30f3\u30c8\u3092\u5f97\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h2>PGVector\u3068\u306f\uff1f \u306a\u305c\u6ce8\u76ee\u3055\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b<\/h2>\n<b>\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u6280\u8853\u306e\u6025\u4f38\u80cc\u666f<\/b>\r\n<p>Deep Learning\u30d6\u30fc\u30e0\u4ee5\u964d\u3001\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u3084\u753b\u50cf\u3001\u97f3\u58f0\u306a\u3069\u3092<strong>\u6570\u767e\u6b21\u5143\u30fb\u6570\u5343\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb<\/strong>\u3067\u8868\u73fe\uff08Embedding\uff09\u3057\u3001\u3053\u308c\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u300c\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u540c\u58eb\u300d\u3092\u63a2\u3059\u624b\u6cd5\u304c\u4e3b\u6d41\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3064\u3064\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002Google\u691c\u7d22\u3092\u306f\u3058\u3081\u3068\u3059\u308b\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3067\u3082\u3001\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3068\u6587\u66f8\u3092\u540c\u3058\u6b21\u5143\u7a7a\u9593\u3067\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u300c<strong>Semantic Search<\/strong>\u300d\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3046\u3057\u305f\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u8981\u8acb\u306b\u5fdc\u3048\u308b\u5f62\u3067\u767b\u5834\u3057\u305f\u306e\u304c\u3001PostgreSQL\u306b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u4ed8\u4e0e\u3059\u308b\u62e1\u5f35\u3067\u3042\u308b<strong>PGVector<\/strong>\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>PostgreSQL\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u3078\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d1\u30af\u30c8<\/b>\r\n<p>PostgreSQL\u306f\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u3067\u5e83\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9\u306eRDBMS\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u30fb\u62e1\u5f35\u6027\u306b\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5f93\u6765\u3001\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306b\u306fMilvus\u3084Faiss\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5c02\u7528\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u591a\u304b\u3063\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306e\u3001RDBMS\u306e\u4e00\u5143\u7ba1\u7406\u3092\u671b\u3080\u73fe\u5834\u3082\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002PGVector\u306f\u3053\u306e\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u5fdc\u3048\u308b\u300c<strong>\u7d71\u5408\u74b0\u5883<\/strong>\u300d\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3001<strong>\u65e2\u5b58\u306ePostgreSQL\u30a8\u30b3\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0<\/strong>\u3068\u30b7\u30fc\u30e0\u30ec\u30b9\u306b\u9023\u643a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u70b9\u3067\u5927\u304d\u306a\u6ce8\u76ee\u3092\u96c6\u3081\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p><!-- notionvc: 1bd0db02-eaf9-44ef-bda2-cd6a548ac320 --><\/p>\n\n<h2>PGVector\u5c0e\u5165\u306e\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c8\u3068\u4ed6\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30ebDB\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/h2>\n<b>\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c81\uff1aRDB\u3068\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u4e00\u5143\u5316<\/b>\r\n<p>\u6700\u5927\u306e\u5229\u70b9\u306f\u3001<strong>\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3068\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u540c\u3058DB\u3067\u7ba1\u7406\u3067\u304d\u308b<\/strong>\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u60c5\u5831\u3084\u5546\u54c1\u60c5\u5831\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u3068\u3001\u88fd\u54c1\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u306eEmbedding\u3092\u7d10\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5225\u3005\u306e\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u307e\u305f\u3050\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u306a\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u958b\u767a\u30fb\u4fdd\u5b88\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u304c\u524a\u6e1b\u3067\u304d\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u6574\u5408\u6027\u306e\u62c5\u4fdd\u3082\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>\u30e1\u30ea\u30c3\u30c82\uff1aSQL\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30d5\u30a7\u30fc\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306e\u4e00\u8cab\u6027<\/b>\r\n<p>PGVector\u3067\u306f<strong>SQL<\/strong>\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3066\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u985e\u4f3c\u5ea6\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u306eBI\u30c4\u30fc\u30eb\u3084SQL\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u306e\u5206\u6790\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306e\u76f8\u6027\u304c\u826f\u597d\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30c1\u30fc\u30e0\u5185\u306bPostgreSQL\u306e\u77e5\u898b\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5b66\u7fd2\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u6700\u5c0f\u9650\u306b\u7559\u3081\u3066\u904b\u7528\u3092\u59cb\u3081\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>\u4ed6\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30ebDB\u3068\u306e\u6bd4\u8f03<\/b>\r\n<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u3001Faiss\u30fbMilvus\u30fbAnnoy\u30fbElastic Vector Search\u306a\u3069\u3001\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u306b\u7279\u5316\u3057\u305fDB\u3084\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u306f<strong>\u9ad8\u6b21\u5143\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u306eANN\uff08Approximate Nearest Neighbor\uff09\u691c\u7d22<\/strong>\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u9ad8\u3044\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u793a\u3059\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002PGVector\u3082\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5341\u5206\u306b\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u304c\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3084\u6975\u5ea6\u306b\u9ad8\u6b21\u5143\u306aEmbedding\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u6271\u3046\u30b7\u30fc\u30f3\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5c02\u7528DB\u306e\u307b\u3046\u304c\u30a2\u30c9\u30d0\u30f3\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u3092\u6301\u3064\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u3082\u3042\u308b\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p><!-- notionvc: f90539d4-6042-45e1-bba5-a818371976df --><\/p>\n\n<h2>PGVector\u306e\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3068\u57fa\u672c\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u4f8b<\/h2>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u304b\u3089\u306f\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306bPGVector\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3001Embedding\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u30fb\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u307e\u3067\u306e\u5927\u307e\u304b\u306a\u624b\u9806\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u306a\u304a\u3001\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3084\u30aa\u30d7\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3082\u4f75\u305b\u3066\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>\u62e1\u5f35\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3068\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u4f5c\u6210<\/b>\r\n<ol>\r\n\t<li>\r\n<p><strong>\u62e1\u5f35\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<p>\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001<code>CREATE EXTENSION pgvector;<\/code> \u3067\u62e1\u5f35\u3092\u6709\u52b9\u5316\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u30d1\u30c3\u30b1\u30fc\u30b8\u30de\u30cd\u30fc\u30b8\u30e3\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u305f\u74b0\u5883\u69cb\u7bc9\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3082\u3042\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u81ea\u8eab\u306eOS\u3084PostgreSQL\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li>\r\n<p><strong>\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u578b\u30ab\u30e9\u30e0\u3092\u542b\u3080\u30c6\u30fc\u30d6\u30eb\u4f5c\u6210<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">sql\r\n\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3059\u308b\r\nCREATE TABLE documents (\r\n    id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,\r\n    content TEXT,\r\n    embedding vector(768)  -- 768\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3068\u60f3\u5b9a\r\n);\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001<code>vector(768)<\/code> \u306f768\u6b21\u5143\u306eEmbedding\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u3059\u308b\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002BERT\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001768\u6b21\u5143\u306e\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u51fa\u529b\u3059\u308b\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u3088\u304f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5fc5\u8981\u6b21\u5143\u6570\u306f\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n\t<li>\r\n<p><strong>Embedding\u306eINSERT<\/strong><\/p>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">sql\r\n\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3059\u308b\r\nINSERT INTO documents (content, embedding)\r\nVALUES (\r\n    '\u3053\u308c\u306f\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u6587\u7ae0\u3067\u3059\u3002',\r\n    '[0.123, 0.456, ..., 0.789]' -- JSON\u30e9\u30a4\u30af\u306a\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30c3\u30c8\r\n);\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<p>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u633f\u5165\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u306eSQL\u3068\u307b\u307c\u5909\u308f\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002Embedding\u90e8\u5206\u306f\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3068\u3057\u3066\u683c\u7d0d\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u62e1\u5f35\u6a5f\u80fd\u304c\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u306b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u578b\u306b\u5909\u63db\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<\/li>\r\n<\/ol>\r\n<b>\u8fd1\u4f3c\u6700\u8fd1\u508d\u63a2\u7d22(ANN)\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u4f5c\u6210<\/b>\r\n<p>PGVector\u306b\u306f\u3001\u9ad8\u901f\u306a\u985e\u4f3c\u691c\u7d22\u3092\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e<strong>IVFFlat<\/strong>\u3084<strong>HNSW<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u4f5c\u6210\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u5b9f\u88c5\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306fIVFFlat\u3092\u7528\u3044\u305f\u4f8b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<pre><code class=\"language-sql\">sql\r\n\u30b3\u30d4\u30fc\u3059\u308b\r\n-- IVFFlat\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\r\nCREATE INDEX ON documents\r\n  USING ivfflat (embedding vector_cosine_ops)\r\n  WITH (lists = 100);\r\n\r\n-- \u985e\u4f3c\u5ea6\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u4f8b\r\nSELECT id, content\r\nFROM documents\r\nORDER BY embedding &lt;-&gt; '[0.1, 0.2, ..., 0.9]'\r\nLIMIT 5;\r\n\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\r\n<p><code>embedding &lt;-&gt; '[...]'<\/code> \u306f\u30b3\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u985e\u4f3c\u5ea6\u306b\u3082\u3068\u3065\u304f\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u793a\u3059\u6f14\u7b97\u5b50\u3067\u3059\u3002<code>lists = 100<\/code> \u306f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3001\u5024\u3092\u5927\u304d\u304f\u3059\u308b\u3068\u691c\u7d22\u7cbe\u5ea6\u304c\u4e0a\u304c\u308b\u53cd\u9762\u3001\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u3084\u691c\u7d22\u6642\u9593\u304c\u5f71\u97ff\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u898f\u6a21\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u8abf\u6574\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p><!-- notionvc: 416cba63-89e7-45f1-ab77-cbf6371c6218 --><\/p>\n\n<h2>\u6d3b\u7528\u4e8b\u4f8b\uff1a\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u691c\u7d22\u30fb\u753b\u50cf\u691c\u7d22\u30fbLLM\u9023\u643a<\/h2>\n<p>PGVector\u306f\u81ea\u7136\u8a00\u8a9e\u51e6\u7406\u304b\u3089\u753b\u50cf\u691c\u7d22\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u8fd1\u5e74\u8a71\u984c\u306e**\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u8a00\u8a9e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb(LLM)**\u3068\u306e\u9023\u643a\u307e\u3067\u3001\u591a\u5c90\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u5f37\u307f\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u4e8b\u4f8b\u3092\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>\u81ea\u7136\u8a00\u8a9e\u51e6\u7406(NLP)\u3067\u306eEmbedding\u691c\u7d22<\/b>\r\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u691c\u7d22\u306f\u5168\u6587\u691c\u7d22\u6a5f\u80fd\uff08<code>pg_trgm<\/code>\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3067\u884c\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001<strong>\u610f\u5473\u7684\u306a\u985e\u4f3c\u5ea6<\/strong>\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3089Embedding\u691c\u7d22\u304c\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001\u30cb\u30e5\u30fc\u30b9\u8a18\u4e8b\u306e\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3068\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u4e0a\u306e\u6587\u66f8Embedding\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3001\u30c8\u30d4\u30c3\u30af\u304c\u8fd1\u3044\u6587\u66f8\u3092\u62bd\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u7528\u9014\u306b\u4f7f\u3048\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u554f\u3044\u5408\u308f\u305b\u5bfe\u5fdc<\/strong>: \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u5165\u529b\u3057\u305f\u554f\u3044\u5408\u308f\u305b\u6587\u3092Embedding\u5316\u3057\u3001FAQ\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u4e2d\u306e\u5404Q&amp;A\u30da\u30a2\u306eEmbedding\u3068\u985e\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u6700\u9069\u306a\u56de\u7b54\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u63d0\u793a\u3002<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u8981\u7d04\u3084\u6bd4\u8f03<\/strong>: \u5927\u91cf\u306e\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u8981\u7d04\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3092\u7528\u3044\u308b\u969b\u306b\u3001\u307e\u305aEmbedding\u3067\u30b0\u30eb\u30fc\u30d4\u30f3\u30b0\u3057\u3001\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3054\u3068\u306b\u51e6\u7406\u3092\u5206\u6563\u3059\u308b\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u3082\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<b>\u753b\u50cf\u7279\u5fb4\u91cf\u306e\u9ad8\u901f\u985e\u4f3c\u691c\u7d22<\/b>\r\n<p>\u81ea\u7136\u8a00\u8a9e\u4ee5\u5916\u306b\u3082\u3001CNN\uff08Convolutional Neural Network\uff09\u306a\u3069\u304b\u3089\u5f97\u3089\u308c\u308b\u753b\u50cf\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u4fdd\u5b58\u3057\u3001\u985e\u4f3c\u753b\u50cf\u691c\u7d22\u3092\u884c\u3046\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><strong>E\u30b3\u30de\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u306e\u985e\u4f3c\u5546\u54c1\u691c\u7d22<\/strong>: \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304c\u691c\u7d22\u3057\u305f\u3044\u5546\u54c1\u753b\u50cf\u3092\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u305d\u306e\u753b\u50cf\u306eEmbedding\u3092\u751f\u6210\u3057\u3001DB\u5185\u306e\u65e2\u5b58\u5546\u54c1Embedding\u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u3066\u4f3c\u305f\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5546\u54c1\u3092\u63d0\u6848\u3002<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>SNS\u306e\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30f3\u30c4\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>: \u5927\u91cf\u306b\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30ed\u30fc\u30c9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5199\u771f\u3092\u7279\u5fb4\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u7ba1\u7406\u3057\u3001\u91cd\u8907\u3084\u985e\u4f3c\u753b\u50cf\u3092\u81ea\u52d5\u7684\u306b\u691c\u51fa\u3059\u308b\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<b>LLM\u3068\u306e\u76f8\u4e57\u52b9\u679c\uff1aGPT\u3084BERT\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u305f\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5206\u6790<\/b>\r\n<p>ChatGPT\u3084BERT\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f<strong>\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u8a00\u8a9e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb<\/strong>\u304b\u3089\u751f\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308bEmbedding\u3092PGVector\u4e0a\u306b\u84c4\u7a4d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u5bfe\u8a71\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u3084\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u5206\u6790\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u8003\u3048\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30c8\u30dc\u30c3\u30c8<\/strong>: \u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u306e\u5165\u529b\u6587\u3092Embedding\u5316\u3057\u3001DB\u5185\u306e\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3068\u306e\u985e\u4f3c\u5ea6\u3092\u898b\u3066\u9069\u5207\u306a\u56de\u7b54\u3092\u8fd4\u3059\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3002<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u77e5\u8b58\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u7d71\u5408<\/strong>: \u5927\u898f\u6a21\u8a00\u8a9e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u304c\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u30ca\u30ec\u30c3\u30b8\u30b0\u30e9\u30d5\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u306bPGVector\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8a00\u8a9e\u8cea\u554f\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u6700\u9069\u306a\u6587\u8108\u63d0\u793a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3002<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u30ea\u30a2\u30eb\u30bf\u30a4\u30e0\u5206\u6790<\/strong>: SNS\u4e0a\u306e\u6295\u7a3f\u3092\u968f\u6642Embedding\u5316\u3057\u3001PGVector\u3067\u7ba1\u7406\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u30c8\u30ec\u30f3\u30c9\u3092\u628a\u63e1\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u7dca\u6025\u6027\u306e\u9ad8\u3044\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u5373\u5ea7\u306b\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30c1\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p><!-- notionvc: b9c565a0-e267-47f3-bf7f-3d5f5a46abc2 --><\/p>\n\n<h2>\u904b\u7528\u4e0a\u306e\u6ce8\u610f\u70b9\uff1a\u30d1\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30de\u30f3\u30b9\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3068\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30e9\u30d3\u30ea\u30c6\u30a3<\/h2>\n<b>\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u6700\u9069\u5316<\/b>\r\n<p>IVFFlat\u3084HNSW\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3092\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u4e00\u65b9\u3067\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u6d88\u8cbb\u91cf\u3084\u69cb\u7bc9\u6642\u9593\u3068\u306e\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30c9\u30aa\u30d5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<code>lists<\/code> \u3084 <code>probes<\/code>\u3001HNSW\u306e <code>ef_construction<\/code>\u30fb<code>ef_search<\/code>\u306a\u3069\u306e\u30d1\u30e9\u30e1\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u8abf\u6574\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u691c\u7d22\u901f\u5ea6\u3068\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306e\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u6700\u9069\u5316\u3057\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30bb\u30c3\u30c8\u3078\u306e\u5bfe\u5fdc<\/b>\r\n<p>\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u4ef6\u6570\u304c\u4f55\u5343\u4e07\u4ef6\u306b\u3082\u53ca\u3076\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5358\u4e00\u30ce\u30fc\u30c9\u69cb\u6210\u3067\u306f\u30e1\u30e2\u30ea\u3084\u30b9\u30c8\u30ec\u30fc\u30b8\u304c\u30dc\u30c8\u30eb\u30cd\u30c3\u30af\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002PostgreSQL\u306e\u30ec\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u6a5f\u80fd\u3084\u30d1\u30fc\u30c6\u30a3\u30b7\u30e7\u30cb\u30f3\u30b0\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u3001<strong>\u5206\u6563\u69cb\u6210<\/strong>\u3078\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u30a2\u30a6\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u3066\u304f\u3060\u3055\u3044\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>\u5b9a\u671f\u7684\u306a\u518d\u5b66\u7fd2\u30fb\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u30f3\u30b9<\/b>\r\n<p>\u751f\u6210\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3084\u7279\u5fb4\u62bd\u51fa\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u30d0\u30fc\u30b8\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u5909\u308f\u308b\u3068\u3001Embedding\u306e\u5206\u5e03\u304c\u5909\u5316\u3057\u3001\u65e7Embedding\u3068\u65b0Embedding\u304c\u6df7\u5728\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u904b\u7528\u4e2d\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u66f4\u65b0\u6642\u306f\u3001<strong>\u518d\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9<\/strong>\u3084<strong>\u518dINSERT<\/strong>\u306e\u8a08\u753b\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u3001\u6574\u5408\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u3064\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p><!-- notionvc: cea9bc2a-57ab-4a6d-b482-a17e595a8100 --><\/p>\n\n<h2>\u4eca\u5f8c\u306e\u5c55\u671b\uff1aPGVector\u304c\u3082\u305f\u3089\u3059\u30dd\u30b9\u30c8RDB\u6642\u4ee3\u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027<\/h2>\n<b>\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30e2\u30fc\u30c0\u30eb\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u7ba1\u7406<\/b>\r\n<p>\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30fb\u753b\u50cf\u30fb\u97f3\u58f0\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u8907\u6570\u30e2\u30fc\u30c9\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4e00\u5143\u7ba1\u7406\u3057\u3001Embedding\u3092\u30ad\u30fc\u3068\u3059\u308b\u30af\u30a8\u30ea\u3092\u6a2a\u65ad\u7684\u306b\u5b9f\u884c\u3059\u308b\u30cb\u30fc\u30ba\u304c\u4eca\u5f8c\u307e\u3059\u307e\u3059\u9ad8\u307e\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002PGVector\u306f\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30e2\u30fc\u30c0\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308a\u5f97\u308b\u5b58\u5728\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001<strong>RDB\u3068AI\u6280\u8853\u306e\u6a4b\u6e21\u3057<\/strong>\u3068\u3057\u3066\u9032\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u958b\u767a\u306e\u52a0\u901f<\/b>\r\n<p>\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070<strong>\u30ec\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c9<\/strong>\u3084<strong>\u30d1\u30fc\u30bd\u30ca\u30e9\u30a4\u30ba<\/strong>\u3068\u3044\u3063\u305f\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u3001\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u3092\u5185\u8535\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5927\u5e45\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u304c\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002LLM\u3068\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u305f<strong>\u30c1\u30e3\u30c3\u30c8\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea<\/strong>\u3084<strong>\u81ea\u52d5\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u8981\u7d04\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0<\/strong>\u306a\u3069\u3001\u30a2\u30a4\u30c7\u30a2\u6b21\u7b2c\u3067\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u5fdc\u7528\u304c\u671f\u5f85\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<b>PostgreSQL\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306b\u3088\u308b\u62e1\u5f35\u306e\u5145\u5b9f<\/b>\r\n<p>PostgreSQL\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30c6\u30a3\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u6d3b\u767a\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001PGVector\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u6539\u5584\u8981\u671b\u3084\u8ffd\u52a0\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u63d0\u6848\u304c\u7d9a\u3005\u3068\u5bc4\u305b\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070<strong>\u5206\u6563\u691c\u7d22<\/strong>\u6a5f\u80fd\u306e\u5145\u5b9f\u3001<strong>GPU\u30a2\u30af\u30bb\u30e9\u30ec\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3<\/strong>\u306e\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u306a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u691c\u7d22\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306e\u5c0e\u5165\u306a\u3069\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306a\u308b\u767a\u5c55\u304c\u671f\u5f85\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p>\u4eca\u5f8c\u6570\u5e74\u306e\u3046\u3061\u306b\u3001\u4f01\u696d\u30e6\u30fc\u30b9\u304b\u3089\u5b66\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u307e\u3067\u5e45\u5e83\u3044\u5834\u9762\u3067\u300c<strong>PGVector\u304c\u30c7\u30d5\u30a1\u30af\u30c8<\/strong>\u300d\u3068\u306a\u308b\u65e5\u3082\u305d\u3046\u9060\u304f\u306f\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p><!-- notionvc: 3bbe46ce-ef07-41b2-b0ff-401957835372 --><\/p>\n\n<h2>\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/h2>\n<p>PGVector\u306f\u3001PostgreSQL\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30aa\u30fc\u30d7\u30f3\u30bd\u30fc\u30b9RDBMS\u306e\u67a0\u7d44\u307f\u3092\u8d85\u3048\u3066\u3001AI\u6642\u4ee3\u306e<strong>\u6b21\u4e16\u4ee3\u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0<\/strong>\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u4e00\u6b69\u3068\u306a\u308b\u6280\u8853\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5358\u306b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u3092\u683c\u7d0d\u30fb\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u81ea\u7136\u8a00\u8a9e\u51e6\u7406\u3084\u753b\u50cf\u8a8d\u8b58\u3001\u30ec\u30b3\u30e1\u30f3\u30c9\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306b\u306f\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u8a00\u8a9e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u306e\u9023\u643a\u306a\u3069\u3001\u591a\u5c90\u306b\u308f\u305f\u308b\u30e6\u30fc\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u5a01\u529b\u3092\u767a\u63ee\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\r\n<ul>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u5c0e\u5165\u306e\u5bb9\u6613\u3055<\/strong>: \u65e2\u5b58\u306ePostgreSQL\u74b0\u5883\u3092\u6d3b\u304b\u3057\u3001SQL\u3067\u76f4\u63a5Embedding\u3092\u6271\u3048\u308b<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u591a\u69d8\u306a\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u624b\u6cd5<\/strong>: IVFFlat\u3084HNSW\u306a\u3069\u306eANN\u691c\u7d22\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u30b5\u30dd\u30fc\u30c8<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u62e1\u5f35\u6027\u30fb\u5c06\u6765\u6027<\/strong>: \u5206\u6563\u691c\u7d22\u3084\u30de\u30eb\u30c1\u30e2\u30fc\u30c0\u30eb\u5bfe\u5fdc\u306a\u3069\u3001\u3055\u3089\u306a\u308b\u9032\u5316\u304c\u671f\u5f85<\/li>\r\n\t<li><strong>\u5b9f\u7528\u4e8b\u4f8b\u306e\u8c4a\u5bcc\u3055<\/strong>: \u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30fb\u753b\u50cf\u30fb\u97f3\u58f0\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306b\u5fdc\u7528\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u751f\u6210\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3084LLM\u3068\u306e\u76f8\u6027\u3082\u629c\u7fa4<\/li>\r\n<\/ul>\r\n<p>\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u691c\u7d22\u306f\u4eca\u3084\u4e00\u90e8\u306e\u5927\u624b\u4f01\u696d\u3084\u7814\u7a76\u6a5f\u95a2\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u591a\u304f\u306e\u30d7\u30ed\u30b8\u30a7\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u53d6\u308a\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002PGVector\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5f93\u6765\u306eRDB\u904b\u7528\u30ce\u30a6\u30cf\u30a6\u3092\u6700\u5927\u9650\u306b\u6d3b\u304b\u3057\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3001\u6700\u65b0\u306eAI\u6280\u8853\u3092\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u7d71\u5408\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4eca\u3053\u305dPGVector\u3092\u5c0e\u5165\u3057\u3001\u3042\u306a\u305f\u306e\u30d3\u30b8\u30cd\u30b9\u3084\u7814\u7a76\u958b\u767a\u3092\u4e00\u6bb5\u4e0a\u306e\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30b8\u3078\u3068\u5f15\u304d\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u307f\u3066\u306f\u3044\u304b\u304c\u3067\u3057\u3087\u3046\u304b\u3002<\/p>\r\n<p><!-- notionvc: 512b2cb4-b454-4050-a78a-ac4d703a2c61 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