{"id":7193,"date":"2025-09-30T15:31:12","date_gmt":"2025-09-30T06:31:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.since2020.jp\/?p=7193"},"modified":"2026-09-29T14:36:38","modified_gmt":"2026-09-29T05:36:38","slug":"haversine-distance_glossary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/since2020.jp\/media\/haversine-distance_glossary\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\uff08Haversine\uff09\u5b8c\u5168\u30ac\u30a4\u30c9 \u2014 \u5b9f\u52d9\u3067\u300c\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u300d\u300c\u901f\u304f\u300d\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u51fa\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u306e\u4ed5\u7d44\u307f\u3084\u6570\u5f0f\u3001Python\u30fbPostGIS\u3067\u306e\u5b9f\u88c5\u65b9\u6cd5\u304b\u3089\u3001\u7403\u9762\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3068\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3001GeographicLib\u3084H3\u3092\u6d3b\u7528\u3057\u305f\u9ad8\u901f\u30fb\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306a\u4f4d\u7f6e\u60c5\u5831\u51e6\u7406\u307e\u3067\u3092\u89e3\u8aac\u3002\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u5b9f\u52d9\u3078\u5c0e\u5165\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3068\u6027\u80fd\u306e\u5224\u65ad\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u6574\u7406\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n<h2>\u306f\u3058\u3081\u306b\uff1a\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u306f\uff08\u76f4\u89b3\u3068\u6570\u5f0f\uff09<\/h2>\n<p>\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7def\u5ea6\u30fb\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u305f2\u5730\u70b9\u306e\u9593\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u3001\u5730\u7403\u3092\u7403\u4f53\u3068\u307f\u306a\u3057\u3066\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3088\u308a\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u306f\u3001\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b2\u70b9\u9593\u306e\u5927\u5186\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u516c\u5f0f\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u57fa\u672c\u3068\u306a\u308b\u5f0f\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3068\u304a\u308a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>a=sin\u20612(\u0394\u03c62)+cos\u2061\u03c61cos\u2061\u03c62sin\u20612(\u0394\u03bb2)a=\\sin^2\\left(\\frac{\\Delta\\varphi}{2}\\right) +\\cos\\varphi_1\\cos\\varphi_2 \\sin^2\\left(\\frac{\\Delta\\lambda}{2}\\right)<\/p>\n<p>c=2atan2\u2061(a,1\u2212a)c=2\\operatorname{atan2}(\\sqrt{a},\\sqrt{1-a})<\/p>\n<p>d=Rcd=R c<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u3001\u03c6\\varphi\u306f\u7def\u5ea6\u3001\u03bb\\lambda\u306f\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3001RR\u306f\u5730\u7403\u306e\u534a\u5f84\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u306f6371km\u524d\u5f8c\u306e\u534a\u5f84\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5024\u306f\u7d71\u4e00\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u304c\u300c\u5730\u56f3\u4e0a\u306e\u76f4\u7dda\u8ddd\u96e2\u300d\u3067\u3082\u300c\u9053\u8def\u3092\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u8ddd\u96e2\u300d\u3067\u3082\u306a\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3042\u304f\u307e\u3067\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u4e0a\u306e2\u5730\u70b9\u3092\u7d50\u3076\u6700\u77ed\u306e\u5927\u5186\u5f27\u3092\u7403\u9762\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u3067\u8fd1\u4f3c\u3057\u305f\u8ddd\u96e2\u3067\u3059\u3002\u305d\u306e\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5e97\u8217\u691c\u7d22\u3084\u4f4d\u7f6e\u60c5\u5831\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306a\u3069\u3067\u306f\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u4f7f\u3044\u3084\u3059\u3044\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u8eca\u306e\u8d70\u884c\u8ddd\u96e2\u3084\u6e2c\u91cf\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7528\u9014\u3067\u306f\u5225\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 76b6db05-abc2-4245-a6be-fe4617bd7fea --><\/p>\n<h2>\u306a\u305c\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u516c\u5f0f\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b<\/h2>\n<p>\u7def\u5ea6\u30fb\u7d4c\u5ea6\u304b\u3089\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u7403\u9762\u4f59\u5f26\u5b9a\u7406\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3057\u304b\u30572\u5730\u70b9\u304c\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u89d2\u5ea6\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u304f\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u6d6e\u52d5\u5c0f\u6570\u70b9\u6570\u306e\u4e38\u3081\u8aa4\u5dee\u304c\u554f\u984c\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u516c\u5f0f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u89d2\u5ea6\u5dee\u306e\u534a\u5206\u306e\u6b63\u5f26\u306e\u4e8c\u4e57\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5c0f\u3055\u306a\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u3082\u6bd4\u8f03\u7684\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u304b\u3089\u3001\u8fd1\u508d\u691c\u7d22\u3084\u4f4d\u7f6e\u60c5\u5831\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306a\u3069\u3001\u81a8\u5927\u306a\u6570\u306e\u5730\u70b9\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u7528\u9014\u3067\u73fe\u5728\u3082\u5229\u7528\u4fa1\u5024\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u300c\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3060\u304b\u3089\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u6570\u5024\u8a08\u7b97\u3068\u3057\u3066\u5b89\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5730\u7403\u3092\u7403\u4f53\u3068\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u8aa4\u5dee\u306f\u6b8b\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3053\u3053\u3092\u300c\u8a08\u7b97\u8aa4\u5dee\u300d\u3068\u300c\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u8aa4\u5dee\u300d\u306b\u5206\u3051\u3066\u8003\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3001\u5b9f\u52d9\u3067\u306f\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><br \/><!-- notionvc: 5424532a-729e-4d91-8961-9b534d9f2a82 --><\/p>\n<h2>Python\u3067\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>Python\u3067\u306f\u6a19\u6e96\u30e9\u30a4\u30d6\u30e9\u30ea\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3082\u7c21\u5358\u306b\u5b9f\u88c5\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">import math\n\ndef haversine(lat1, lon1, lat2, lon2, R=6371008.8):\n    phi1 = math.radians(lat1)\n    phi2 = math.radians(lat2)\n\n    dphi = math.radians(lat2 - lat1)\n    dlambda = math.radians(lon2 - lon1)\n\n    a = (\n        math.sin(dphi \/ 2) ** 2\n        + math.cos(phi1)\n        * math.cos(phi2)\n        * math.sin(dlambda \/ 2) ** 2\n    )\n\n    c = 2 * math.atan2(math.sqrt(a), math.sqrt(1 - a))\n    return R * c\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u6771\u4eac\u99c5\u3068\u5927\u962a\u99c5\u306e\u7def\u5ea6\u30fb\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3092\u5165\u529b\u3059\u308c\u3070\u3001\u4e21\u5730\u70b9\u9593\u306e\u7403\u9762\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u5358\u4f4d\u3067\u53d6\u5f97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9f\u88c5\u6642\u306b\u6700\u3082\u591a\u3044\u554f\u984c\u306f\u3001\u7def\u5ea6\u30fb\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3092\u5ea6\u306e\u307e\u307e\u4e09\u89d2\u95a2\u6570\u3078\u6e21\u3057\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002Python\u306e<code>sin()<\/code>\u3084<code>cos()<\/code>\u306f\u30e9\u30b8\u30a2\u30f3\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5fc5\u305a\u5909\u63db\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u623b\u308a\u5024\u3092\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u6271\u3046\u306e\u304b\u30ad\u30ed\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u6271\u3046\u306e\u304b\u3001\u5730\u7403\u534a\u5f84\u3092\u4f55\u306b\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3082\u4ed5\u69d8\u3068\u3057\u3066\u660e\u6587\u5316\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u3068\u3001\u30b7\u30b9\u30c6\u30e0\u9593\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u5024\u304c\u98df\u3044\u9055\u3046\u554f\u984c\u3092\u9632\u3052\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: dafa4732-cd6d-4111-b946-f1e4d43a224c --><\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 67e66acc-c129-4b1e-a471-9704c63fa4f2 --><\/p>\n<h2>PostGIS\u3067\u306f\u7403\u9762\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u6e2c\u5730\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u308b<\/h2>\n<p>\u5730\u7406\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u6271\u3046\u5834\u5408\u3001PostGIS\u306b\u306f\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u306e\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8907\u6570\u306e\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070<code>ST_DistanceSphere()<\/code>\u306f\u7403\u9762\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u3067\u8fd4\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9ad8\u901f\u306a\u8fd1\u4f3c\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5834\u5408\u306b\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u3001<code>ST_Distance()<\/code>\u3067<code>geography<\/code>\u578b\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u30c7\u30d5\u30a9\u30eb\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306b\u3088\u308b\u6e2c\u5730\u7dda\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3088\u308a\u9ad8\u901f\u306a\u7403\u9762\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3064\u307e\u308a\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u306ePostGIS\u3067\u306f\u300c\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u81ea\u524d\u5b9f\u88c5\u3059\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9078\u629e\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u578b\u3068\u95a2\u6570\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u7403\u9762\u30fb\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u5e97\u8217\u304b\u3089\u300c10km\u4ee5\u5185\u306e\u5e97\u8217\u300d\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3088\u3046\u306a\u51e6\u7406\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7a7a\u9593\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306a\u3069\u3067\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u5148\u306b\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3046\u8a2d\u8a08\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6700\u521d\u304b\u3089\u5168\u30ec\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306b\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u9069\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u691c\u7d22\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u6e1b\u3089\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u7cbe\u5bc6\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u307b\u3046\u304c\u3001\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u91cf\u306e\u5897\u52a0\u306b\u5bfe\u5fdc\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 93bf4a01-4c73-488b-8081-fcad676a1f87 --><\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 15a849cd-8ee9-421c-81f4-ccc63fb8a35c --><\/p>\n<h2>\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3001\u6295\u5f71\u5ea7\u6a19\u3001\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u6e2c\u5730\u7dda\u306f\u3069\u3046\u4f7f\u3044\u5206\u3051\u308b\uff1f<\/h2>\n<ul><\/ul>\n<p>\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u306e\u306f\u3001\u300c\u3069\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u304c\u6700\u3082\u512a\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u300d\u3067\u306f\u306a\u304f\u3001\u300c\u4f55\u3092\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304b\u300d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5e02\u8857\u5730\u306a\u3069\u306e\u9650\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u305f\u7bc4\u56f2\u3067\u3001\u6570\u5341\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u7a0b\u5ea6\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\u95a2\u4fc2\u3092\u6271\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6295\u5f71\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u3078\u5909\u63db\u3057\u3066\u5e73\u9762\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3082\u6709\u529b\u3067\u3059\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u56fd\u5185\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u7528\u9014\u3084\u5730\u57df\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u5e73\u9762\u76f4\u89d2\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u306a\u3069\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Web\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u306e\u5e97\u8217\u691c\u7d22\u3084\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u5468\u8fba\u691c\u7d22\u306a\u3069\u3001\u7def\u5ea6\u30fb\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3092\u76f4\u63a5\u6271\u3046\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u7528\u9014\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3084\u7403\u9762\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u5341\u5206\u306a\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u65b9\u3001\u5e83\u57df\u306e\u6e2c\u5730\u8a08\u7b97\u3001\u5883\u754c\u4ed8\u8fd1\u306e\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u8ddd\u96e2\u6bd4\u8f03\u3001\u6e2c\u91cf\u30fbGIS\u306a\u3069\u3067\u9ad8\u3044\u7cbe\u5ea6\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u3089\u3001\u5730\u7403\u3092\u56de\u8ee2\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u3068\u3057\u3066\u6271\u3046\u6e2c\u5730\u7dda\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u9078\u629e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3053\u3053\u3067\u6ce8\u610f\u3057\u305f\u3044\u306e\u304c\u3001\u9053\u8def\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002\u6771\u4eac\u99c5\u304b\u3089\u5927\u962a\u99c5\u307e\u3067\u306e\u300c\u5730\u7403\u8868\u9762\u306b\u6cbf\u3063\u305f\u6700\u77ed\u8ddd\u96e2\u300d\u3068\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u81ea\u52d5\u8eca\u3084\u9244\u9053\u304c\u79fb\u52d5\u3059\u308b\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f\u540c\u3058\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5f8c\u8005\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u306b\u306f\u9053\u8def\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3084\u7d4c\u8def\u63a2\u7d22\u30a8\u30f3\u30b8\u30f3\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 72b12654-e06e-4b6f-9ef0-0ba448e72a47 --><\/p>\n<h2>Vincenty\u3068GeographicLib\u306e\u9055\u3044<\/h2>\n<p>\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u4e0a\u306e\u6e2c\u5730\u7dda\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u306a\u624b\u6cd5\u3068\u3057\u3066Vincenty\u6cd5\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306a\u8a08\u7b97\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304d\u305f\u4e00\u65b9\u30012\u5730\u70b9\u304c\u307b\u307c\u6b63\u53cd\u5bfe\u306b\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3059\u308b\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9006\u6e2c\u5730\u554f\u984c\u306e\u53cd\u5fa9\u8a08\u7b97\u304c\u53ce\u675f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u73fe\u5728\u3001\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306a\u6c4e\u7528\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u8003\u3048\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3001Karney\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3092\u5b9f\u88c5\u3057\u305fGeographicLib\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u9078\u629e\u80a2\u3067\u3059\u3002GeographicLib\u306ePython\u7248\u306f2025\u5e748\u6708\u306b2.1\u304c\u30ea\u30ea\u30fc\u30b9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001WGS84\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u3092\u6a19\u6e96\u7684\u306b\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-python\">from geographiclib.geodesic import Geodesic\n\nresult = Geodesic.WGS84.Inverse(\n    35.681236, 139.767125,\n    34.702485, 135.495951\n)\n\ndistance_m = result[\"s12\"]\nprint(distance_m)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>GeographicLib\u306eKarney\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u306f\u3001\u5730\u7403\u4e0a\u306e\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u4e38\u3081\u8aa4\u5dee\u30ec\u30d9\u30eb\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u76ee\u6a19\u3068\u3057\u3066\u8a2d\u8a08\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u516c\u5f0f\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3067\u306f\u8ddd\u96e2\u8aa4\u5dee\u304c15\u30ca\u30ce\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u672a\u6e80\u3068\u8aac\u660e\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002\u307e\u305f\u3001\u9006\u6e2c\u5730\u554f\u984c\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u5e38\u306b\u89e3\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u7279\u5fb4\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3082\u3061\u308d\u3093\u3001\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u6e2c\u4f4d\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u304c\u30bb\u30f3\u30c1\u30e1\u30fc\u30c8\u30eb\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u8a08\u7b97\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u3060\u3051\u3092\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306b\u3057\u3066\u3082\u5b9f\u4e16\u754c\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u304c\u5411\u4e0a\u3059\u308b\u308f\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u5165\u529b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u54c1\u8cea\u3068\u8a08\u7b97\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306f\u5206\u3051\u3066\u8003\u3048\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 5401a937-b117-42d7-b1cf-12c967511998 --><\/p>\n<p><!-- notionvc: 9567e9e6-e889-4f3a-866a-ba926aa940ee --><\/p>\n<h2>\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u306f\u300c\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3088\u308a\u5019\u88dc\u524a\u6e1b\u300d\u304c\u91cd\u8981<\/h2>\n<p>\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u3001\u6570\u5343\u4e07\u4ef6\u306e\u4f4d\u7f6e\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u6bce\u56de\u3059\u3079\u3066\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3092\u9ad8\u901f\u5316\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u9650\u754c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5b9f\u52d9\u3067\u306f\u3001\u307e\u305a\u7a7a\u9593\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u7d5e\u308a\u8fbc\u307f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3046\u69cb\u6210\u304c\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002Geohash\u3001S2\u3001H3\u306a\u3069\u306e\u7a7a\u9593\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u306f\u3001\u3053\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7528\u9014\u3067\u5229\u7528\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7279\u306bH3\u306f\u4e16\u754c\u3092\u968e\u5c64\u7684\u306a\u516d\u89d2\u5f62\u30bb\u30eb\u3078\u5206\u5272\u3057\u3001\u7def\u5ea6\u30fb\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3092\u30bb\u30ebID\u3078\u5909\u63db\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002\u73fe\u5728\u306eH3 4.x\u3067\u306f<code>latLngToCell<\/code>\u306a\u3069\u306eAPI\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u5468\u8fba\u30bb\u30eb\u3092\u5019\u88dc\u3068\u3057\u3066\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3066\u304b\u3089\u53b3\u5bc6\u306a\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u884c\u3046\u8a2d\u8a08\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u300c\u30e6\u30fc\u30b6\u30fc\u304b\u30895km\u4ee5\u5185\u306e\u5e97\u8217\u300d\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u6700\u521d\u306bH3\u306a\u3069\u3067\u8fd1\u508d\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u53d6\u5f97\u3057\u3001\u6700\u5f8c\u306b\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u3084\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u8ddd\u96e2\u3067\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u5883\u754c\u5224\u5b9a\u3092\u884c\u3046\u3001\u3068\u3044\u3046\u4e8c\u6bb5\u968e\u69cb\u6210\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3001\u5927\u91cf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3082\u30b9\u30b1\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u305b\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>Python\u3067\u5927\u91cf\u306e\u5ea7\u6a19\u3092\u51e6\u7406\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306fNumPy\u306a\u3069\u306b\u3088\u308b\u30d9\u30af\u30c8\u30eb\u5316\u3082\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5e97\u8217\u3084\u62e0\u70b9\u306a\u3069\u4f4d\u7f6e\u304c\u5909\u308f\u3089\u306a\u3044\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306a\u3089\u3001\u983b\u7e41\u306b\u53c2\u7167\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u30ad\u30e3\u30c3\u30b7\u30e5\u3057\u3066\u304a\u304f\u65b9\u6cd5\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u3067\u8d77\u304d\u3084\u3059\u3044\u843d\u3068\u3057\u7a74<\/h2>\n<p>\u6700\u3082\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u554f\u984c\u306f\u3001\u7def\u5ea6\u30fb\u7d4c\u5ea6\u306e\u9806\u5e8f\u3092\u9593\u9055\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u8868\u8a18\u3067\u306f\u7def\u5ea6\u3001\u7d4c\u5ea6\u306e\u9806\u3067\u3059\u304c\u3001GIS\u3084GeoJSON\u3001SQL\u3067\u306f\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3001\u7def\u5ea6\u306e\u9806\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308b\u30b1\u30fc\u30b9\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u6b21\u306b\u3001\u5ea6\u3068\u30e9\u30b8\u30a2\u30f3\u306e\u6df7\u540c\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5730\u7403\u534a\u5f84\u306e\u9055\u3044\u3082\u7d50\u679c\u3078\u5f71\u97ff\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u4f8b\u3048\u3070PostGIS\u306e<code>ST_DistanceSphere()<\/code>\u3067\u306f\u65e2\u5b9a\u5024\u3068\u3057\u30666371008m\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u524d\u5b9f\u88c5\u30676371000m\u306a\u3069\u5225\u306e\u5024\u3092\u63a1\u7528\u3059\u308c\u3070\u7d50\u679c\u306f\u5b8c\u5168\u306b\u306f\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u307e\u305f\u3001\u00b1180\u5ea6\u4ed8\u8fd1\u306e\u7d4c\u5ea6\u5dee\u306b\u3082\u6ce8\u610f\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002\u5358\u7d14\u306b\u7d4c\u5ea6\u3092\u5f15\u304d\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u306f\u3001\u65e5\u4ed8\u5909\u66f4\u7dda\u3092\u307e\u305f\u30502\u5730\u70b9\u306e\u5dee\u3092\u6b63\u3057\u304f\u6271\u3048\u306a\u3044\u5834\u5408\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u305d\u3057\u3066\u6700\u5927\u306e\u843d\u3068\u3057\u7a74\u306f\u3001\u76f4\u7dda\u8ddd\u96e2\u3068\u79fb\u52d5\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u6df7\u540c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002\u914d\u9001\u3001\u30bf\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u3001\u30ca\u30d3\u30b2\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306a\u3069\u3067\u306f\u3001\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f\u3042\u304f\u307e\u3067\u5019\u88dc\u62bd\u51fa\u3084\u6982\u7b97\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u3044\u3001\u6700\u7d42\u7684\u306a\u79fb\u52d5\u8ddd\u96e2\u306b\u306f\u9053\u8def\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u5fc5\u8981\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<h2>\u5b9f\u52d9\u3067\u306e\u9078\u629e\u57fa\u6e96<\/h2>\n<p>\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u8ddd\u96e2\u306f\u3001\u73fe\u5728\u3067\u3082\u300c\u53e4\u3044\u3060\u3051\u306e\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u300d\u3067\u306f\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002\u7403\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u8fd1\u8ddd\u96e2\u30fb\u8fd1\u508d\u691c\u7d22\u3092\u4f4e\u30b3\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306aWeb\u30a2\u30d7\u30ea\u3084\u4f4d\u7f6e\u60c5\u5831\u30b5\u30fc\u30d3\u30b9\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u30cf\u30d0\u30fc\u30b5\u30a4\u30f3\u307e\u305f\u306fPostGIS\u306e\u7403\u9762\u8ddd\u96e2\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u8ddd\u96e2\u3078\u5207\u308a\u66ff\u3048\u308b\u69cb\u6210\u304c\u73fe\u5b9f\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5730\u57df\u9650\u5b9a\u306e\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306a\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u306f\u3001\u9069\u5207\u306a\u6295\u5f71\u5ea7\u6a19\u7cfb\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002\u5e83\u57df\u304b\u3064\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306a\u6e2c\u5730\u8a08\u7b97\u3067\u306f\u3001WGS84\u6955\u5186\u4f53\u3092\u5229\u7528\u3059\u308bGeographicLib\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u5b9f\u88c5\u304c\u9069\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u3055\u3089\u306b\u5927\u91cf\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u6271\u3046\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30a2\u30eb\u30b4\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3088\u308a\u3082\u300c\u5019\u88dc\u3092\u3069\u3046\u6e1b\u3089\u3059\u304b\u300d\u304c\u6027\u80fd\u3092\u5de6\u53f3\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002H3\u3001S2\u3001Geohash\u306a\u3069\u306b\u3088\u308b\u7a7a\u9593\u30a4\u30f3\u30c7\u30c3\u30af\u30b9\u3068\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a08\u7b97\u3092\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3068\u6027\u80fd\u306e\u4e21\u7acb\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n<p><!-- 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